The article focuses on the ability to link crimes by use of individual behavior using evidence from the published literature. The author identifies that the there are several published studies that examine crime linkage. A significant number of the studies use the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) measurement method in quantifying the level of crime linkage. The findings from the review reveal that many cases involving crime achieve moderate accuracy levels of linkage. The author identifies three factors that affect the linking accuracy as the type of the crime, behavioral domain, and the jurisdiction.
The article provides credible information on the effectiveness of the AUC method of linking crimes to a particular behavior. I find the article appropriate for research on the topic of crimes and criminal behavior since it gives a guideline on how to approach the issue of behavioral clues in addressing crime.
Coburn, P. I., Connolly, D. A., & Roesch, R. (2015). Cyberbullying: Is Federal Criminal Legislation the Solution? Canadian Journal Of Criminology & Criminal Justice, 57(4), 566-579. doi:10.3138/cjccj.2014.E43
The article narrows to a specific crime called cyber bullying and proposes the effective method of addressing it. The research highlights on the use of legislation as an effective method of handling the crimes related to cyber bullying. According to the author, cyber bullying is a form of crime that leads to death in few cases, hence important to consider the methods of handling it. Legislation can help to protect the youth from victimization, alongside other methods like conflict resolution mechanisms.
The article diverts attention to general crimes and focuses on cyberbullying by providing an effective method of handling it. Criminalizing cyber bullying can be an effective method of reducing the increase in the vice. I find the article appropriate for research by providing a method of dealing with crimes perpetrated online. The source is credible in the value of its content but lacks evidence to support the conclusions.
Hamzelou, J. (2015). Training to recognize fear lowers crime. New Scientist, 227(3030), 14
According to the author, the training on how to recognize fear can lower crime. The article explains that crimes are likely to reduce if the offenders receive emotional training. The people who commit a crime in the form of harassment, violent crime, theft, and criminal damages do so due to lack of recognizing the level of fear to the victim. From the study, the participants who had a history of committing crimes received training on recognizing facial expressions. They acquired skills of recognizing fear and on facial expressions that reduced the crime levels.
The article presents credible information on a method that can help in reducing crimes. The information presents add to the body of knowledge identified in addressing crime. I recommend the article for use in the research on crime and criminal behavior since it provides a method of reducing crime. The significant limitation of the article is the use of a small sample size that could not be a representation of the entire population.
Javen Fortner, M. (2015). Beyond Criminal Justice Reform: Dissent (00123846), 62(4), 51-53.
The author addresses the issue of criminal justice on the premise of the need for profound social change. The author identifies the new dispensation of criminal justice reforms and its potential benefits. However, the reforms may never have a full impact unless there are other reforms on the social conditions that undermined public safety. The policies in place encourage the racial status quo thereby undermining the effectiveness of the criminal justice reforms. Thus, according to the author, true reforms require the enactment of policies that guarantee public safety to all people regardless of their color.
The article is essential in highlighting the importance of comprehensive reforms in the criminal justice system. I find the information presented credible for use in research work involving criminal justice. The article does not fully align with the information presented in the other sources but adds to the knowledge on criminal justice system.
Meijwaard, S. C., Kikkert, M., de Mooij, L. D., Lommerse, N. M., Peen, J., Schoevers, R. A., & ... Dekker, J. M. (2015). The risk of Criminal Victimization in Outpatients with Common Mental Health Disorders: PLoS ONE, 10(7), 1-17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128508
The article addresses the issue of criminal victimization to the outpatients with common health disorders like depression and mental illness. According to the author, crime victimization is a common trend in which people with such illnesses fall prey to victimization. The general population is not easy to victimization like the outpatients with depression and other mental disorders. Such persons experience victimization for both the violent and non-violent crimes. The researcher used a cross-sectional study and made conclusions from the findings.
The article provides a discussion of the methods used by crime detectors to identify victims of crime. It adds to the methods of identifying criminals discussed in another article. However, the current article does not recommend the method since it leads to the wrong identification of criminals. The people with mental illness and depression are likely to commit certain crimes, but should not be subject to victimization without proper investigations. Thus, the article is appropriate for the research topic but does not align with the others.
Tittle, C., Botchkovar, E., & Antonaccio, O. (2011). Criminal Contemplation, National Context, and Deterrence: Journal Of Quantitative Criminology, 27(2), 225-249. doi:10.1007/s10940-010-9104-8
The article sought to identify, the persons likely to contemplate the commission of criminal acts. It also assesses the use of deterrence and its effectiveness in the issues of theft and violence among the crime contemplators. The author notes that deterrence is likely to bear fruits in the informal sanctions to criminals. The effectiveness of deterrence in handling crime has a basis on the cultural and contextual characteristics. Thus, the study challenges the researchers to identify and confirm the conditions under which the different types of sanctions may or not influence behavior.
I find the article credible in proving information on the effectiveness of deterrence in addressing crimes. It adds to the information gathered by the methods of dealing with crime in the criminal justice system. The article explains that effectiveness of deterrence varies on the types of sanctions in place. I think that deterrence should be very effective in addressing crimes since it imposes punishment as a threat to criminal conduct.
References
Bennell, C., Mugford, R., Ellingwood, H., & Woodhams, J. (2014). Linking Crimes Using Behavioural Clues: Current Levels of Linking Accuracy and Strategies for Moving Forward: Journal Of Investigative Psychology & Offender Profiling, 11(1), 29-56. doi:10.1002/jip.1395.
Coburn, P. I., Connolly, D. A., & Roesch, R. (2015). Cyberbullying: Is Federal Criminal Legislation the Solution?. Canadian Journal Of Criminology & Criminal Justice, 57(4), 566-579. doi:10.3138/cjccj.2014.E43.
Hamzelou, J. (2015). Training to recognize fear lowers crime. New Scientist, 227(3030), 14.
Javen Fortner, M. (2015). Beyond Criminal Justice Reform. Dissent (00123846), 62(4), 51-53.
Meijwaard, S. C., Kikkert, M., de Mooij, L. D., Lommerse, N. M., Peen, J., Schoevers, R. A., & ... Dekker, J. M. (2015) The risk of Criminal Victimization in Outpatients with Common Mental Health Disorders: PLoS ONE, 10(7), 1-17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128508.
Tittle, C., Botchkovar, E., & Antonaccio, O. (2011). Criminal Contemplation, National Context,and Deterrence: Journal Of Quantitative Criminology, 27(2), 225-249. doi:10.1007/s10940-010-9104-8.
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